MOSCOW, December 25. /TASS/. Specialists at the Lomonosov Moscow State University and the Russian Quantum Center have presented the country's first prototype of a 50-qubit single cold atom quantum computer, the press service of the Moscow State University has said.

The Russian government in 2020 approved a roadmap for the development of high-tech field Quantum Computing. One of its goals is to create a quantum computer with a capacity of at least 50 qubits by the end of 2024. In Russia, this task is being worked on by several research groups developing prototypes on different technological platforms: neutral atoms, ions, superconductors and photons. The created calculator is based on single neutral rubidium atoms, which are captured by optical tweezers (focused laser beams). The experiment that allowed testing the supercomputer prototype took place on December 19, the MSU said.

"Scientists at the Lomonosov Moscow State University and the Russian Quantum Center have created Russia's first prototype of a neutral single rubidium atoms-powered 50-qubit quantum computer as part of the Quantum Computing Roadmap coordinated by the Rosatom State Corporation," MSU said.

The supercomputer prototype is an optical table, most of which is occupied by a laser system used for cooling and controlling atomic states, as well as a system with ultra-high vacuum and optical access, Stanislav Straupe, the head of the quantum computing sector at the Quantum Technologies Center of the MSU Physics Department said.

"At the moment the MSU Center for Quantum Technologies is capable of creating quantum registers of 50 atoms arranged in an ordered array and perform operations on single qubits. Neutral atoms in optical tweezers are a good system in terms of scaling prospects. We more or less understand how to get from systems of tens of qubits to hundreds and even thousands of qubits," the MSU press service quotes the scientist as saying.