MOSCOW, December 13. /TASS/. Russian President Vladimir Putin has signed into law the ratification of an intergovernmental agreement with Algeria focused on cooperation in the peaceful exploration and utilization of outer space.

The document, published on the official legal information portal, establishes the organizational and legal framework for Russian-Algerian collaboration in joint space activities. Russia's Roscosmos and the Algerian Space Agency will be the primary executing bodies under this agreement.

The agreement encompasses various areas of cooperation, including space science, astrophysical phenomena studies, planetary research, and remote Earth sensing. It also addresses satellite communications, navigation systems, and associated information technologies and services. Both nations will work together on human space operations, space geodesy, meteorology, space biology, and medicine, as well as the provision and utilization of space launch services.

Additionally, the agreement promotes collaboration in training specialists, protecting the space environment, mitigating space debris, and addressing international legal regulations for space activities.

The document further outlines terms for funding joint activities, conducting expert oversight, exchanging information, resolving disputes, and addressing issues related to liability and damages.

The agreement will become effective once the final written notifications from both parties, confirming the completion of domestic procedures, are received via diplomatic channels. It will remain in force for an initial period of 10 years and automatically renew for five-year terms unless one party provides notice of termination.